More recent research includes a series of studies carried out by Lew. Interestingly, the subjects who were assisted by OALD5 guiding devices performed the worst, despite having been exposed to the shortest entries. One year later, Bogaards (1998) concluded that semantically-guided LDOCE3 and CIDE sense-navigation devices generally outperformed grammar-based COBUILD2 access devices, as well as the access devices adopted by OALD5 lexicographers. Further, LDOCE3 guiding devices appeared to convey semantically more meaningful information. In another study (1997), Tono found that LDOCE3 signposts are superior to CIDE guide words, especially with regard to the accuracy of sense selection and time needed for consultation however, not necessarily so in the case of longer entries. Signpost-related research goes back to Tono's (1992) study and his finding that less proficient English learners benefit from menus in entries to a greater extent than do more proficient learners. Thus far, two broad types of guiding devices have been used in English learners' dictionaries: (1) signposts, which briefly define their respective senses, with each signpost being placed next to its sense and (2) menus, which form a list of sense cues appearing as a block at the top of the entry. Although the gradual transition to digital dictionaries makes this issue less relevant, in many parts of the world, print dictionaries are still far from disappearing. One motivation for this is the pursuit of empirically motivated principles to inform the design of dictionary entries so that they satisfy the needs of dictionary users who regularly consult a dictionary, and who in the process of doing so repeatedly have to browse through lengthy entries that take up much of their time. Sleutelwoorde: woordeboek, woordeboekkonsultasie, woordeboektoe-gang, leksikografie, gebruiksleidingsinstrumente, aanwysers, aanwysing, eentalige woordeboeke, aanleerderswoordeboeke, engels, poolse leerdersġ.1 Research on guiding devices in English monolingual learners' dictionariesĮmpirical studies that deal with guiding devices in English monolingual learners' dictionaries are becoming increasingly common. Vervolgens word die verband tussen die lengte van die inskrywing en die konsultasietyd ondersoek, asook die verband tussen konsulta-sietyd en akkuraatheid van betekenisseleksie. Daarbenenewens word daar ook in hierdie artikel gekyk na die effek wat woordsoort (selfstandige naamwoord- versus werkwoordinskrywings) op die konsultasietyd en akkuraatheid van betekenisseleksie het. Die hoofdoel daarvan is om te ondersoek hoe die plasing van gebruiksleidingsinstrumente in inskrywings - beginnende by 'n nuwe reël versus deurloop - die woordeboekgebruiker se konsultasietyd en akkuraatheid van betekenis-seleksie in inskrywingsnavigasie beïnvloed. Dit het die beantwoording van ses navorsingsvrae ten doel. In hierdie artikel word gefokus op gebruiksleidingsinstrumente in gedrukte eentalige woordeboeke vir Engelse leerders. Keywords: dictionary, dictionary consultation, dictionary access, lexicography, guiding devices, signposts, signposting, monolingual dictionaries, learners' dictionaries, english, polish learners ![]() In addition, the paper looks at the effect that part of speech (noun versus verb entries) has on consultation time and sense selection accuracy further, the relationship between entry length and consultation time is investigated, as well as that between consultation time and sense selection accuracy. The main aim is to investigate how the location of guiding devices within entries - starting from a new line versus run-on - affects consultation time and sense selection accuracy of dictionary users in entry navigation. It aims to find answers to six research questions. ![]() ![]() IUniversity of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland ( of English, Department of Lexicography and Lexicology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland ( paper focuses on guiding devices in print monolingual dictionaries for learners of English. Nuwereël- en deurloop-hulpmiddels vir gebruiksleiding in gedrukte eentalige woordeboeke vir Engelse leerders ![]() New-line and Run-on Guiding Devices in Print Monolingual Dictionaries for Learners of English
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